Power-transmission device.



PATENTED MAR. 1o, 1908.

c. R. EoLLIsTER.

POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 4, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

o. P. EOLLISTER. POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 4, 1907- PATENTED MAR. 10, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- engagement.

To start the vehicle and couple up the parts for transmission, the valves are slightly' NITED STATES v1?..Alr1siv-l?IOFFICE.

CLARENCE 1. HOLLISTER, 0F. PITTSFILD, MASSACHUSETTS, KASSlIGrNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HIMSELF AND ONE-HALF TO HERBERT M. STILSON, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-TRANSMISSION DEVICE. U

-Specication oilLetters 'lfatentv J Patented March 10, 1908.

To all whom 'it may concer/n:

` Be it known that I CLARENCE P. HOLLIS- TER, a citizen of the ZUnited States, residing at Pittsfield, in the count o f Berkshire Aand State of Massachusetts, have invented an Imprdvement in Power-Transmission Devices, of=-which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to a power transmission device of general utility and especially ap licable in connection with automobiles ang motor boats, and the object of my inventionis the production of a transmission desion, and said gears arey located in a case liuidfilled and tight, and means are provided for regulating and controlling the movement that fluid flows freely throughthe case and in this` condition the engine of the motor vehicle' vice of simple construction and noseless character and one free-from the risks of injury and ex ensive repairsv attendant upon the 'usual di erential gears.

In 'the device of my invention I prov-ide a` lset or train of gears connected respectlvely tothe engine for power and to thegrunning gear of the'car or other devlce for transmisof the fluid through the case or for impounding the same to the desired extentand so controllin the power delivered by the engine and a so the speed of the driven member.

The ears in parts thereof iit the case .substantia y Huid-tighty so that their rotation .causesthe fluid such as oil, to move between.

the teeth of the gears and liow through channels of the case provided therefor, and yin which channels are valves for closing. off more or-less the flow ofthe fluid. l The arts are so constructed and arranged when the. valves are .fully opened the may still be running and the vehicle beat rest, with the case which is secured to the power shaft and the twosmaller gears of the transmission turning about the main gea'rof the shaftand devices e 'tending .to actuate the running ear of the/hield and in which position a friction clu ch provided is out of closed to preferably'impound and -arrestthe flowof Huid. This Vretards and impedes the' actionof the gears so that lthe' lar er of the hicle move forward ata-slowrate. A

` condition further closing of the valves increases this lessens the rotation ofthe parts, causing them to movev together more uniformly and increases the s eed and brings the parts of the friction cutch nearer to gether. The entire closing of the valves lmpounds the oil' or fluid, and prevents the rotation of the gears, thus causing all the parts to turn as one and at the same time rings the friction clutch into close and driving contact, the power from the power shaft then being transmitted at full speed without any necessary dependence upon the gears.

In the drawing, Figure 1 1s a longltudinal section through the devices of my improvelment. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the mam case member and central transverse section through the gears, valves and the circulating va'ssageways for the fluid.l Fig. 3 is alongitumal section at the dotted line :1:, :1:, of F1g. 2, and partialA elevation of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. 1 and at right angles thereto. 4 isa longitudinal section and .partial plan showing particularly the valvev operating mechanism. Fig. 5 .is a section and plan A.showing the valve operating mechanislnat ri ht angles to the position shown in Fioxhancl igs. 6 and 7 are sections and partia elevations in large sizeof the valve mechanism its two extreme positions.

a represents the power shaft, that is, the

shaft extending from the engine or other motor. b is the transmission shaft' and c an auxiliary transmission shaft. d d1 are members of a universal joint connected by the pivot pins 13 the member d being secured to the auxiliary transmission shaft c and the member (Z1 tothe transmission shaft b. e is the main case member and the auxiliary i case member; the parts whic are connected,

together by the connecting bolts 2 passing throu h lugs of the auxiliary case member into t e main case member. y The maincase `member is provided with a flange c1 beveled on the inner surface toward the edge.

The' auxiliary case member'ris provided with a tubular member f1 which surrounds inpart Athe lauxiliary transmission shaft c, therebeinga packing gland f at the outer end of the tubular mem er f 1 where the same closes in aroundthe shaft c. l

I provide a tub lar case g surrounding the tubular member f1 and spaced apart therefrom. This tubular case has a disk 'art g1 at right angles thereto, the part 1 aving a flange gz of tapering character a apted to fit within the flange e1 of the main case member e; said parts forming a clutch. The tubular case gis formed'with an annular flange gs between which and the base of the disk g1 is an annular groove to receive engaging devices of r an actuating lever -14 by means of which a longitudinal movement is im arted to the tubular case its disk gl and t e flan e g?.

Between t e outer end of the tubu ar case g and the member cl of the universal joint, I provide clutch members 11 and 12 by means of which the said parts are connected and compelled to turn together. Between the main case member e and the auxiliary case i Parts of the gears 7L h1 andi fit snugly be- A tween parts of the case members e f. This will be apparent from reference especially to Fig. 2 in which the outer half circumference of the gears h h1 come closely adjacent to the inner surfaces of the case members while the opposite sides of the central or main gear 'i have about one quarter ofthe circumference of said gear at each side, where the teeth thereof come closelyfadjacent to the surface of the cases, and from Fig. 1- it will be apparent that the inner surfaces of the cases lie y closely adjacent to the opposite edges or faces of these gears, consequently between these respective partsv there is substantially no s ac'e whatsoever. Within these case mem ers ef and within thetubular member culate through assageways for and hereina ter described.

f1 is abody of fluid such as oil, which ma cirprovided t ere- The power shaft a is provided with a flange 3 and by preference a central recess receiving la central projection 4 of the case e, the parts being firmly connected by bolts 5 so that the power and rotation of the shaft a is communicated to the cases e :and from these cases to the gears h h1 vand om the gears h h1 may be communicated to the gear@ or from the cases -e j' and the flange e1 the power and rotation may be communicated through the flange g2, the disk, g1, tubular case g, clutch members 11 and 12 and the universal 'oint members d d1 to thetransmission shaft Fi 3 shows ducts 6 communicating with the c amber between the case members e and'with the chamber within the for thevcirculation of fluid or oil.

I rovide pipes 7c cl,-see particularly Fig. 2, which at one end o en into the chamber of the case members e j' Between the gears h and member f1 shoulder.

Athe disk g1 has an internal i, and at the other ends open into the chamber between these case members and between the ears 'i and h1 and atthe centralp g1 of the tubular case g, I provide an annulus member. m flanged and provided pwith a By the flange of this member m the same' is secured by bolts m1 to the disk gl and a ring o surrounding the tubular member f1 is provided with a shoulder coming against the shoulder of the annulus member m, with the other portion of said ring o screw threaded to receive upon it the ring n between which and th'e shoulder of the ring o is located the annulus member m. From this descri tion and illustration, it will appear that t e member'm is moved longitudinally of the axial center of the structure by virtue of its connection with the tubular case gand that the same in turn moves the rings o and 'n along over the surface of the tubular member f1 and'that these members are moved by the lever device 14 which is manually actuated in connection with the operations of the transmission device.

From Fig. 1 it will also be a parent that ange which closely surrounds the tubular member f 1 and which also comes outside of, the ring o. I provide `a ring r internally threaded to screw upon the outer end of the tubular member f1 outside of. the ackin land Between this 4ring r an a ba learing ring 9 are placed a row of anti-friction balls 8 and between the rin 9 and the inner flanged portion of the dislg( g is placed a helical spring 10, the function of which is to move the tubular case g, itsv disk g1 and all the parts described as connected thereto, so as to bring the flange g2 into contact withthe flan e e1l I provide an arm n* secured to t e ring 'n and projectin radially therefrom, and on the valves l Z rovide crank arms Z2 placed at right an les t ereto and between the ends of the cra arms Z2 and the ends of the arms nl I provide adjustable rods t. With the longitudinal movement of the tubular case g 'by the manually actuated lever 14 the ring n is moved and the movement imparted thereto drawing upon the arms nl and adjustable rod t, swing the crank arms Z2 and turn the valves Z Z1 from the position Fig. 6 to the of sition Fig. 7, or vice versa, either to the ull extent or to any partial extent so as to close or more or less open these valves Z.

The arrows in Fig.,2 indicate as an illustration the direction of rotation first of the main case member e and therefore of the elical springs 7 around auxiliary-case member also the directionv of rotation of the smal gears `h h* with the 4said case members andthe oppositeld1rec- ,.tion of rotation of the main gear i, consequently the' direction vof rotation of these lgears with the chambersfbetwe'en the cases "ef and within the case f1 1filled with'oil, will cause a circulation .of ,the oil through the ipes k 'k1 in the direction of the arrows Fig. 7 ,I the circulation of the'oil as shown in Fig. 2 will pass across between the gears h and i. from the left to the right hand and across between the'gearsh 'and i1 frbm the ri ht to the left hand when' the valves are fuly opened, with the 'power sha'ft a and the case members e f turning therewith, the

, gearsh h1 simply rotating around the gear 'i which is at a state of rest, consequently its shaft c, the universal joint members d dl and the transmission shaft b are also at a state'ofA rest, for the openings in the` va/lvesl l* are presumed to be e ual in ca acity to the capacity of 'pipes 7c' 1 and in t is position with an automoblle, the car will be at rest and the engine running slowly.

The device of' m4 invention is adapted to take the lace of t e usual differential gears emplo `e With these devices, which must be chang d by throwing out certain gears and throwing 1n other vgears for the change of speed, and in which-it very frequently hap- 4pens the teeth are ripped off the gears.'

While the car is at rest, the tubular case g, its disk g1 andiiange 2 are moved away lfrom the full lin'e position lLi 1 to an extreme osition at the right of length of the clutch members 11 and 12 and in which position the clutch produced by the Bange eland the flange g2 are separated. In

f thisl position and by virtuefofV the f osition of the tubularcase 1 the 'valvesjave" been o ened wide into t eposition Fig'.` 7, so that t eoil may -freely circulate 'within the cases.

I When it is desiredto start the car or article `to, be driven from its state ofrest, the manu-A and toward the full line position" Fig.' 1.

This moveme t will slightlyclose the valves lll and impede the circulation of the oil and this will cause in a measure the impoundingA of the oil which'will prevent the Yfreedom of, the gears and will thus causey the 'gear fi, its

shaft c and the parts connected therewith to turn toa slight extent with the power shaft,

fthe cases and the lears h 7L* and start up the machine.'v A- furt er closing. ofthe valves will cause 'a further impounding of thefoil and increase the movement of the vehicle;

' to its full line position Fig. 1-, and ai 'of the driven member, and parts ig. 1, limited bytheallyhgperated lever 14:v is moved slightly so as the tubular case g meanwhile comino nearer I iiill closing of the valves by the further movement of` the manually operated lever 14 ybringing'the tubular-'case g and its parts into the full line 70 position Fig. 1, will not onlycompletely close ofi' the circulation of the oil and impedelthe sameso as to compel the parts to turn together, but will also bring the friction surfaces of the flanges el and p2 into contact V75 for 'a driving transmission. t will thus be seen that from an easy start of the vehicle up to full speed is controlled entirely by the one lever and by the positions of the two valves controlling the circulation of the Huid '30 or oil, and it will also be apparent that for the reverse action a complete movement of the lever will open` thevalves fully, restore i the circulation and free the running gear of the car from connection with the power shaft sothat the car may either coast freely or come to a quick stop .upon the application of the brakes.

I claim as my inventiony- 1. In a powertransmission 'device and in 90 combination, a case Huid-filled and tight, a,

"setof gears ilocated in said case and con.- nected respectlvely to the engine for power and to the running gear of thecar or vehicle for transmission, means providing fr and for regulating( and lcontrolling the mo e of the fluid through thefcase or-impoundiilg vthe samev and so controlling .thepower de- 4 livered by the engine` to and also the speed i for a frictional engagement or grip. 2. 4In a power transmission device and in combination, a case Huid-filled and ti ht, a

set, of'gears located in said case an connected respectively to the engine for power 1o5` and to the running gear of the car or vehicle for transmission, plpes connecting the respectiveop osite portions" of said case and providing or the circulation of the fluid`- through the case, valves inv said pipes for 11o regulating and controlling the vmovement of ber, and parts providing for a rictio'nal er1-115, gagement orgrip;

In a power transmission device'and in combination, a case Huid-lilled and 't1 ht," a

lset of gears located-in -said c ase'an 'con nectedrespectively to the'engme'or power 1.20v c fand to the running gear of the car or vehicle7 for' transmission, pipes connectingthe respective op `osite, portionsof ysaid-case and providing orthe circulation of the uld through the case, valves in'said pipes for 125 regulatingland controlling the movement 'of lthe Huid' andl Aimpounding the same and so contrpllingf the power delivered from the ene to and also the speed of the driven memleli, a. manually actuated lever,l aslidablev 130 ment providing memh'er, connections therefrom to. said valves for their o ieraiioi'i, and parts providing for a frictiona engagement orgrip.

,4. 11i a power transmission device', the l'combination with a set of three gears in line, o'f the case members cf, liiid-iilled and tight7 'pipes c c connecting parts ofthe case at o posite sides, Valves intermediately-placed in said pipes and provided with apertures which in area agree with the arca of said pipes for the free passage of the iiuid when the valves are open, a tubular member f* formed with the case .member f, a tubular case g slidable thereon manually actuated and normally spring returned, a ring member'n. connected with the slidable case g, arms formed on said ring member and crank-arms formed with said valves and rods extendingbetween said l arms and said crank-arms for opening and closing said valves with and by the longitudinal movement of the ease g as 'manually operated.

5. In a.powcr transmission device, the

combination with a set of three gears in line7 of the-casemenibers e f, iiiiid-iilled and tight, pipes .7c k1 connecting parts o f the ease at opposite sides, valves interinediately placed in said pipes and provided with apertures which A in area agree with the area of said'pipes for the free passage of the iuid when the valves are open, a manually actuated. slid able case and friction grip device, a ring member movable therewith, crank arms connected to the I valves, arms upon said ring member and adjustable rods extending between and respectively connected to the said crank arms and arinsof the ring.

6. In i power transmission device, the

combination with a set of three gears in line,

f formed with the case member ffpoits connecting these parts for the free passage of fluid or oil, an auxiliary shaftconnected to the central gear and passing through the-v tubular ineinber f1 and a packing gland at the outer end of the said member f1.

Signed by me this 27 th day of September, 1907.

CLARENCE i?. iioLLisTER.

Witnesses:

` FRED H. Asi-nalin,

loBEivr A. BARBOUR. 

